Technology

A 1×1 combined cycle power plant refers to a specific configuration where one gas turbine
is coupled with one steam turbine to generate electricity.
Brief presentation of the main components:

1. Gas Turbine (GT):
    Function: The gas turbine is the primary component that converts fuel into
   mechanical energy. It operates on the principle of burning a gaseous fuel
   (natural gas, for example) to drive a turbine.
    Components: Includes a compressor, combustion chamber, and a turbine.
   The compressor compresses incoming air, the combustion chamber ignites
   the fuel-air mixture, and the turbine extracts energy from the expanding
   gases.
2. Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG):
    Function: The HRSG captures the waste heat from the gas turbine exhaust
   and uses it to produce steam. This enhances overall efficiency by utilizing
   energy that would otherwise be lost.
    Components: Typically consists of a series of heat exchangers to transfer
   heat from the gas turbine exhaust to water, producing high-pressure and
   low-pressure steam.
3. Steam Turbine (ST):
    Function: The steam turbine converts the thermal energy in steam into
   mechanical energy. It operates by expanding high-pressure steam through
   a series of blades to drive a turbine.
    Components: Comprises a high-pressure turbine and a low-pressure
   turbine. The high-pressure steam from the HRSG is expanded in the high-
   pressure turbine, and the exhaust steam continues to the low-pressure
   turbine.
4. Generator:
    Function: The generator is responsible for converting the mechanical
   energy from the turbines into electrical energy. It operates on the principle
   of electromagnetic induction.
    Components: Includes a rotor (connected to the turbine) and a stator
   (stationary part). As the rotor spins, it induces a flow of electric current in
   the stator windings, generating electricity.
5. Cooling System:
    Function: To maintain the optimal operating temperature of various
   components, a cooling system is employed. This ensures the efficient and
   safe operation of the turbines and other critical equipment.
    Components: May include air coolers, water cooling systems, and other
   heat exchange mechanisms.
6. Control System:
    Function: The control system monitors and regulates the operation of the
   entire power plant to optimize efficiency, respond to demand fluctuations,
   and ensure safe and stable operation.
    Components: Comprises sensors, actuators, and a central control unit that
   manages the operation of the gas and steam turbines, as well as other
   auxiliary systems.